How should the technician assist a postoperative patient who has a prescription for deep breathing and coughing exercises?

Encouraging the patient to place a pillow over the incisional area during deep breathing and coughing exercises is beneficial because it serves as support for the surgical site, helping to alleviate discomfort and provide stability. This technique can reduce tension in the abdominal or thoracic area, making it easier for the patient to perform these exercises effectively while minimizing pain.

This support can also promote better technique during deep breathing by encouraging the patient to expand their lungs fully without fear of triggering pain at the incision site, thereby enhancing overall recovery.

In contrast, advising the patient to avoid deep breathing would directly contradict postoperative care protocols aimed at preventing complications such as pneumonia. Providing pain medication before the exercises can be helpful but may not always be necessary or appropriate depending on the patient's pain management plan and timing of medication. Finally, suggesting that the patient engage in these exercises only while sitting up does not provide the flexibility needed for the patient to participate comfortably in their recovery process. It's often beneficial for patients to perform these exercises in various positions, as tolerated, to ensure they can do so effectively.